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Unit 8

8.12 MC Answers and Review

8 min read•november 24, 2021

Dalia Savy

AP Psychology 🧠

334 resources

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Answers and Review for Multiple Choice Practice on Clinical Psychology

Image Courtesy of Verywell Mind.

There are many types of schizophrenia and their symptoms vary. Here are some examples of positive and negative symptoms and a representation of their differences.

⛔STOP!⛔ Before you look at the answers make sure you gave this practice quiz a try so you can assess your understanding of the concepts covered in unit 8. Click here for the practice questions: AP Psychology Unit 8 Multiple Choice Questions.

Facts about the test: The AP Psychology exam has 100 multiple choice questions and you will be given 1 hour and 10 minutes to complete the section. That means it should take you around 11 minutes to complete 15 questions.

*The following questions were not written by CollegeBoard and although they cover information outlined in the AP Psychology Course and Exam Description, the formatting on the exam may be different.

1. Dr. Bellows believes that psychological disorders should be treated with a combination of medicine, talk therapy and an examination of the person's family history. This approach is indicative of

A. the medical model

B. the biopsychosocial approach

C. the social-cultural approach

D. the psychoanalytical approach

Answer: The biopsychosocial approach to understanding psychological disorders considers how biological, social-cultural, and psychological weave together to influence our thoughts, behaviors, and feelings. In this case, the medicine would treat the biological influences, the talk therapy the psychological factors and the family history social-cultural influences.

📄 Study AP Psychology, Unit 8.2: Psychological Perspectives and Etiology of Disorders

2. Dr. Liu is most interested in the study of how environmental influences can impact gene expression. Dr. Liu is interested in the study of

A. epigenetics

B. heritability

C. linkage analysis

D. the human genome

Answer: According to the CDC, epigenetics is "the study of how your behaviors and environment can cause changes that affect the way your genes work. Unlike genetic changes, epigenetic changes are reversible and do not change your DNA sequence, but they can change how your body reads a DNA sequence." In psychology, this information is most helpful in helping to understand why someone might develop a disorder or not.

📄 Study AP Psychology, Unit 2.1: Interaction of Heredity and Environment

3. _______ is sometimes referred to as the "common cold of psychological disorders" because of its prevalence, although it is also one of the most treatable.

A. ADHD

B. PTSD

C. generalized anxiety disorder

D. depression

Answer: Depressive disorder occurs when at least five signs of depression last two or more weeks. An estimated 17.3 million adults in the United States had at least one major depressive episode. According to the National Institute of Health, an estimated 17.3 million adults in the United States had at least one major depressive episode in 2017, which is roughly 7% of all U.S. adults. In that same year, the prevalence of major depressive disorder was higher among adult females (8.7%) compared to males (5.3%)

📄 Study AP Psychology, Unit 8.4: Bipolar, Depressive, Anxiety, and Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

4. Aki often experiences feelings of tension and worry, although she really can't put her finger on any one thing that she is nervous about. This agitation often results in her inability to fall asleep at night. Aki is most likely suffering from

A. ADHD

B. social anxiety disorder

C. generalized anxiety disorder

D. panic disorder

Answer: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is diagnosed when a person continually feels tense and uneasy for at least six months and has three or more symptoms. This is different from worry that may be specific to a specific stressor or for a more limited period of time.

📄 Study AP Psychology, Unit 8.4: Bipolar, Depressive, Anxiety, and Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

5. Martin has difficulty carrying out his daily activities and holding down a job because he is constantly worried about dirt and germs. Most days, he washes his hands 25-30 times to avoid catching a disease. Martin most likely has

A. conversion disorder

B. obsessive-compulsive disorder

C. generalized anxiety disorder

D. panic disorder

Answer: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by uncontrollable, repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or behaviors (compulsions). In this scenario, Martin is obsessed with the danger of germs in his environment and hand washing has become a compulsion. OCD is more common in among adolescents and young adults and it symptoms do seem to lessen over time.

📄 Study AP Psychology, Unit 8.4: Bipolar, Depressive, Anxiety, and Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

6. AJ was involved in a serious automobile accident in high school and suffered major trauma to his brain when he was thrown through the windshield. Although he is now 30 years old, he avoids riding in cars because it causes high anxiety. He also often has vivid flashbacks and nightmares that lead to insomnia. AJ is most clearly showing signs of

A. conversion disorder

B. panic disorder

C. obsessive-compulsive disorder

D. post-traumatic stress disorder

Answer: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disorder that develops in some people who have experienced a shocking, scary, or dangerous event. Typical symptoms include flashbacks/nightmares; avoiding places, objects or events; and feelings of anxiety. In order to be diagnosed with PTSD, the symptoms must linger for four or more weeks after the traumatic incident.

📄 Study AP Psychology, Unit 8.5: Trauma- and Stressor Related, Dissociative, and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

7. April, an aspiring novelist, will often spend weeks writing feverishly, getting little sleep. These periods of high energy and creativity will then often be followed by weeks where she can hardly get out of bed as she is convinced she will never be published. A psychologist would most likely diagnose April with

A. obsessive-compulsive disorder

B. bipolar disorder

C. panic disorder

D. mania

Answer: Bipolar disorder, previously known as manic-depression disorder, is characterized by severe high and low shifts in mood, energy, and concentration. People who work in a creative profession--such as artists, writers and entertainers--are particularly prone to the disorder.

📄 Study AP Psychology, Unit 8.4: Bipolar, Depressive, Anxiety, and Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

8. Martin believes he is an alien from planet Pandora and is often seen walking the streets talking to himself about voices from outer space who are communicating with him. Martin is showing signs of

A. dissociative identity disorder

B. conversion disorder

C. antisocial personality disorder

D. schizophrenia

Answer: Schizophrenia is a mental illness marked by delusions (false beliefs) hallucinations (false sensory experiences), disorganized speech and thought and inappropriate emotional expression. The voices Martin hears are hallucinations, and his belief that he is an alien from another planet is a delusion.

📄 Study AP Psychology, Unit 8.3: Neurodevelopmental and Schizophrenic Spectrum Disorders

9. Dr. Perry believes it is most effective to have his clients lead the discussion during their sessions, while he listens carefully and provides acceptance and empathy. Dr. Perry's approach is most characteristic of ______ therapy.

A. cognitive

B. humanistic

C. insight

D. psychoanalytic

Answer: Dr. Perry is utilizing aspects of client-centered therapy, an approach developed by the humanistic psychologist, Carl Rogers. In this approach, the therapist uses techniques such as active listening and unconditional positive regard to help the client gain insights and deepen their understanding of their issues and gain acceptance of themselves.

📄 Study AP Psychology, Unit 8.2: Psychological Perspectives and Etiology of Disorders

10. Gina has a phobia of snakes. During the process of systematically desensitizing her fear, her therapist is likely to ask Gina first to

A. visit a zoo where she can look at snakes in a cage

B. thinking about holding a snake

C. have someone else hold the snake before she does

D. be brave and hold a snake while taking deep breaths

Answer: Systematic desensitization is a form of exposure therapy which involves pairing a stimulus of fear with relaxation techniques and conditioning the subject to associate this stimulus with relaxation rather than fear (counterconditioning). The process uses a gradual, hierarchical approach to exposing the client to the feared object-- beginning with thinking about it, followed by looking at pictures, to finally facing the actual object. It is commonly used to treat phobias.

📄 Study AP Psychology, Unit 8.8: Psychological Perspectives and Treatment of Disorders

11. Albert Ellis developed this confrontational cognitive therapy which is used to challenge people's self-defeating thoughts.

A. rational-emotive therapy

B. EMDR

C. cognitive-behavioral therapy

D. dialectical behavior therapy

Answer: Rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT) is a cognitive therapy based on the idea that people's psychological troubles stem from irrational thinking. The basic premise is that if you change the way you think, it will lead to healthier behavior.

📄 Study AP Psychology, Unit 8.8: Psychological Perspectives and Treatment of Disorders

12. Mrs. Armstrong rewards the students in her classroom with a plastic coin each time they put their materials away after an art activity without being asked to do so. Once weekly they can trade their coins in for candy or small trinkets. Mrs Armstrong is utilizing

A. virtual reality

B. inoculation training

C. a token economy

D. a therapeutic alliance

Answer: A token economy is a behavior modification technique based on the principles of operant conditioning. Tokens are earned for exhibiting desired behaviors that can be later exchanged for a reward. Token economies are used in homes, classrooms and residential treatment programs.

📄 Study AP Psychology, Unit 8.8: Psychological Perspectives and Treatment of Disorders

13. Margot has recently been diagnosed with depression. Her doctor is most likely to prescribe

A. Xanax

B. Prozac

C. lithium

D. Thorazine

Answer: Prozac, the most widely prescribed antidepressant, is an SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor). It works by blocking the reuptake of serotonin, thus prolonging the time it remains in the brain's synapses. Other common SSRIs include Zoloft and Paxil.

📄 Study AP Psychology, Unit 8.9: Treatment of Disorders from the Biological Perspective

14. Jonathan was first prescribed antipsychotic drugs when he showed signs of schizophrenia in his early 20s. After 5 years on the drug, he now experiences frequent involuntary facial grimacing and tongue movements. It is likely Jonathan has developed

A. Parkinson's disease

B. EMDR

C. tardive dyskinesia

D. resistance

Answer: Tardive dyskinesia is a side effect of long-term use of antipsychotics like chlorpromazine. Newer antipsychotics, like risperidone and olanzapine, have fewer of these effects.

📄 Study AP Psychology, Unit 8.9: Treatment of Disorders from the Biological Perspective

15. After spending 18 months in combat and witnessing the death of several of his buddies, Peter is happy to be back home with his family. He is grateful for his good fortune and believes his experiences have made him a stronger and better person. Peter is showing signs of

A. posttraumatic growth

B. resistance

C. repression

D. transference

Answer: Posttraumatic growth refers to positive psychological changes that come about after struggling with a difficult, stressful experience or crises such as combat, illness, natural disasters or being the victim of a crime. People often report feeling stronger and having a greater appreciation of life. Many report having a richer spiritual life.

📄 Study AP Psychology, Unit 8.5: Trauma- and Stressor Related, Dissociative, and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

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